A New High-Risk Direction
My stylish friend David Bromige is politic about the more questionable things I collect. I bought a 1959
Life Studies last year, puffy and colorful. It looks like something that fell off a South Beach diet workbench, in the real South Beach.
"It's directional," David said, after a few beats of silence, looking at it with a cold eye, then approval. Not good, not bad, but directional.
In today's quick world, that might be enough. Even my
Life Studies is so five minutes ago, as the market for collectible postmodern poetry races forward into the future of the past, rediscovering with a shortening half-life the last gasps of the 20th century -- the 1970s, 80s and 90s -- and pioneering the edges of acceptable taste.
What was once at an expensive height of voguishness, like the French Francis Ponge and Louis-Ferdinand Celine of the 1950s and 1960s, is so 10 minutes ago, say the directionalists. (Their English counterparts, late W. H. Auden and midcareer Philip Larkin are clocking in at 15.) Consider instead Carolyn Kizer, David Antin, Li Young Li, Maxine Kumin, Alberto Rios, Diane DiPrima, Clayton Eshelman, Bernadette Mayer, George Brecht, Mary Oliver, Luigi Russolo, Adrienne Rich, James Merrill, Kit Robinson, Ken Kasey, Howard Nemerov, Ronald Johnson, Cornelius Cardew, Derek Walcott and Gregory Corso.
Directional is the new good and bad. You don't have to choose anymore. Though unproven by time or track record in important sales, what excites the moment owns the moment. And poets, book dealers, publishers and collectors right now seem to be daring one another to blink, as the less and less likely is reappraised and begins to appreciate.
"You push it each time a little bit further," said Jo Ann Wasserman, who picks over used books out in the field for resale to modernist book collectors in New York like Mr. and Mrs. Tony Torn. "I'm doing a lot of buying on Long Island, and I'm starting to find good quality 80s poetry, which sort of scares me -- vintage 80s 'prelanguage taste,' and not just in the Hamptons! This stuff has a sound and a look on the page that haven't yet taken hold, but I'll fill a warehouse and put these finds away for five years."
Ms. Wasserman might not have to wait.
"It's a Long Island aesthetic," said Ammiel Alcalay, a Brooklyn dealer, essayist and poetry arbiter, describing his work for two semi-famous clients, Charles Simic and Mark Strand. Mr. Alcalay assembled a sizable collection of early videos including ones of Clark Coolidge, a directional favorite, who specialized in big poems with exotic meanderings. These videos of the period had a good run and were well reviwed in
Poetry in the 1970s and 80s. In fact much of what is directional looks like an homage to that publication's extravagant, stilted style, with a 20-year retard.
"Trust me. When I first started showing Ed Dorn and Gary Lenhart tapes, it was like I was rerunning LaVerne and Shirley, people were holding their nose," said Robert Hass, of Poets House, a private New York library. "Poets today can make the leap."
Michael Brownstein, also a New York poet and book auctioneer, has sold two early Bruce Andrews and five Ed Dorn items since June, including a pair of
Gunslingers to Jackson MacLow, a prominent poet and musician, but, he said, "Clients and collectors look at an early collection like
Edge or even later work like
I Don't Have Any Paper So Shut Up (Or, Social Romanticism) and don't really understand."
Mr. Hass of Poets House explained: "Modern is changing -- modernism like Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound and even Cid Corman has become a literary taste of the past. You look at it and say, 'Is that good poetry or not good poetry?' But the work from the 70s and 80s and even some of the 90s is kind of fresh, and it goes together beautifully with contemporary poets like James Tate and Maeera Shreiber -- they're the Cormans of the 2000's."
The next wave of collecting, especially from the 1970s and 80s, now involves serious money, too, at prices accelerating as fast as the tight cycle reviving the reputations of poets -- now a scant eight years, according to one auction house expert.
The standard defense is that the art books, collected works, and special project pieces are well made (Coolidge) or singular (Dorn) or the output of artists (Andrews and Antin) or that they were outlyers when new (all of the above). The traditional midcentury modern market is now flooded with reproductions of John Ashbery and ordinary examples of postlanguage work. Genuine rarities, like typed manuscripts of Hannah Weiner's or handwritten notes by Lewis Warsh, are extremely rare and unaffordable to most buyers. And though directional collecting can be a little raw -- "I never say 'ugly,' but 'not to everyone's taste,'" said Kasey Silem Mohammad, an educator and poet based in Oregon -- modern classics can begin to look repetitive and, as important as they are, boring.
"We have a lot of 40s and 50s French," said Professor Mohammad from his country house in picture-postcard Ashland. "You can only have so much Jacques Roubaud and Ives Bonnefoy before it reads the same. We've sort of segued into the next fabulous thing. Seventies poets are clean, and you can mix them every way. I said to my partner the other day, 'Maybe we should start selling the other stuff.'" The Mohammads were awaiting a shipment of Julien Blaine and Bernard Heidsieck. Smudged first drafts and other 'poetic' artifacts by 70s collagists and sound designers is a direction being explored generally.
"Absolutely," Professor Mohammad replied, when asked if friends and neighbors thought he and his partner had lost their minds.
Yusef Komunyakaa, the founder of ubuweb.com, a Web site that displays sound files and text and graphic pieces by more than 350 poets internationally, 70 percent of whom specialize in modernist rewriting, said that the 70s and 80s, especially prelanguage writings, was receiving the most attention on the site.
Grace Paley, a Vermont poet and socialite, described the appeal of the era, heavy on sardonic nonreference, as "antihegemony taken to the max, where it works as interior hedonism, too." In part the strengthening influence of directional collecting is a product of younger readers' plying the wares. Ms. Paley is 32. Tim Peterson, her colleague, who now sells rare collections on his own from his Kips Bay loft is 30. They don't shiver with flashbacks when confronted with mirrory texts by John Giorno or gold-leafed notebooks by Ken Kasey.
Mr. Peterson, who helped provide one-of-a-kind pop-up books to replace the Gideon Bibles at the Maritime Hotel, is concentrating on arty poetry volumes from the 1970s by lesser-known writers like Ronald Johnson, a cartoonist and diarist whose work is also very immediately 70s in period look.
"We're just touching the surface of the 70s -- there's a lot still out there that's good," Mr. Peterson said. "To create the market for something new like early Ray DiPalma or Galway Kinnell or Johnson, you have to create the energy for it. But because no one's buying it yet in great quantity, you can amass enough, as a dealer, to show people what that energy is."
Johnson, an "acquired taste" as several dealers described his work, was slow to gather force as a collectible, and the tide is just now turning. Johnson is the subject of an exhibition in Paris, where he is something of a fad, at Galerie Alice Notley, open now. To be accepted by the French will only confirm for skeptics here that Johnson is the Jerry Lewis of modern poetry.
Nick Piombino, the chairman of Mega Communications, and a recent Johnson collector, who now owns 20 pieces housed in his weekend home north of the Bay Area, not only doesn't care, but also seems to love the adversity that the poets bring on -- the embodiment of a directional collector.
"Ronald Johnson is very wacky, very out of fashion, an aesthetic that's fallen over a cliff," Mr. Piombino said. "Everything's still so Ann Lauterbach or Ashbery -- super-duper hot, tasteful and beautiful. Johnson hasn't won a lot of money, and I'm a contrarian."
Mr. Piombino's appraisal coalesced suddenly.
"The really ugly work looks like poetry on the Klingon spaceship," he said, then qualified his comment.
"The original 'The Flying Nun.' "
Point taken.